The human body between concrete and movement

Isaac Chong Wai, Performance Falling Reversely—Falling and Dance (Ichi), 2022, Archival print, 50 × 37.5 cm
© Isaac Chong Wai, Courtesy der Künstler und Zilberman

The “Body and Building” festival in the SCHIRN gives center stage to dialog between the body and architecture. Inspired by the legendary performance festival in the Whitney Museum in New York, it unites moving bodies with static structures, and offers new perspectives on the interaction of art, space, and audience.

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Shortly before the SCHIRN temporarily closes its doors and moves to its interim quarters in Bockenheim, the “Body and Building” festival invites you to experience the “old” rooms anew for the very last time. The classical artworks give way to the living bodies of the performers and their audience. The title “Body and Building” is deliberately ambiguous. It references the contrast between the living bodies and the static building – in this case the post-modern exhibition space with its characteristics stretched shape beneath a white, pointed gabled ceiling. Of course, the word “building” also points to building as a productive active and here something is being built by bodies. If one then combines the two words to form “bodybuilding”, then they evoke a sports discipline that focuses on exaggerated nurturing of the body through hard physical training and which at first sight seems to be fairly out of place in a museum.

From New York to Frankfurt

The SCHIRN event was inspired by the “Performances: Four Evenings, Four Days” festival held in 1976 in New York’s Whitney Museum. Over a total of eight days, more than 40 artists performed live in the museum. It was a remarkable event, as at the time ‘performance’ was a completely new art form. It was until then at home in alternative art spaces and private lofts in Downtown. Young curator Marcia Tucker had the audacious idea of inviting this new community to perform in the established Uptown institution. This triggered not only some agitation within the museum, but also among members of the audience and the artists themselves.

It was a colorful festival program, ranging from evening-log dance and theater performances to experimental music presentations and a Pop concert with short performative interventions. One particular spectacle was devised by artist Jean Dupuy. Firmly in keeping with the spirit of Fluxus concerts he positioned a tiny rotating stage in the exhibition space and invited artist friends to use it for mini-performances. Unfortunately, the festival’s equally small budget meant not all the artists could be appropriately paid, which let to protests and tumult.

Flyer for “Performances: Four Evenings, Four Days”, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, 1976
Arnold Schwarzenegger
Elliott Erwitt / Magnum Photos, Courtesy of teNeues; Image via archive.nytimes.com

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A quite different event elbowed its way straight into this spectacle, namely a symposium entitled “Articulate Muscle: The Male Body in Art”. The museum announced the event as a scholarly format. In reality, it was an advertising format pure and simple. And what it advertised by the film production “Pumping Iron” with no less a lead actor than the young Arnold Schwarzenegger. The film makers had run out of money and were therefore banging the drum to find new sponsors. Since one of the film’s main propositions was that bodybuilding was a kind of sculpting of one’s own body, it seemed quite obvious to host the event in a museum space.

Under the guise of art history

In order to tone down the advertising feel of the event slightly, the museum invited a female journalist and four university professors to a panel discussion on the muscular body in art. The audience, most of them members of New York’s gay scene, impatiently sat through the remarks on Ancient Greek heroes and famous sculptors. They were actually there to see Arnold Schwarzenegger and his fellow actors. Who proceeded, once again on a rotating stage, to show off their oiled bodies to loud declarations of admiration. The bodybuilders confirmed in the discussion afterwards that they regarded their bodies as artworks. The art historians remained skeptical, however. They were evidently not familiar with neither the current performance trend nor the fast-evolving aesthetics of camp.

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The Breuer in the 1960s
Photo: Arthur Swoger / Getty Images; Image via architecturaldigest.com

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The New York festival and the symposium both took place in what was then the Whitney Museum building on Madison Ave., a Brutalist icon designed by Marcel Breuer. It stood out at the time for its dark natural stone floor and suspended concrete coffered ceiling that contrasted sharply with the colorful and vibrant works on display. Moreover, the few windows there were all remained covered creating a kind of dark theater space illuminated only by spotlights. In the SCHIRN, the opposite will be the case: Specially for the festival, the entire window frontage which is normally covered over as it forms the surface on which the art is displayed, will be opened up. This will create not only new lines connecting the exhibition and urban space, but through interaction with the living artworks offer completely new spatial experiences.